සැකිල්ල:Politics of Russia
Russia is a federation which consists of 83 subjects. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Federation Council (upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia). However, they do differ in the degree of autonomy they enjoy. Autonomous okrugs, while federal subjects in their own right, are, at the same time, considered to be administrative divisions of other federal subjects (with Chukotka Autonomous Okrug being the only exception).
Types of federal subjects of Russia
Each subject of the federation belongs to one of the following categories:
| 21 republics (республики, sing. республика; respubliki, sing. respublika)—nominally autonomous, each has its own constitution, president and parliament; is represented by the federal government in international affairs; and is meant to be home to a specific ethnic minority. | |
| 46 oblasts (provinces) (области, sing. область; oblasti, sing. oblast)—most common, regular administrative units with federally appointed governor and locally elected legislature. Commonly named after the oblast center—the largest city in the oblast, its administrative center. | |
| 9 krais (territories) (края, sing. край; kraya, sing. krai or kray, the latter being less common)—essentially the same as oblasts. The title "territory" is historic, originally given because they were once considered frontier regions. | |
| 1 autonomous oblast (autonomous province) (автономная область; avtonomnaya oblast) (The Jewish Autonomous Oblast) | |
| 4 autonomous okrugs (autonomous districts) (автономные округа, sing. автономный округ; avtonomnyye okruga, sing. avtonomny okrug)—more autonomous than oblasts but less than republics; usually with substantial or predominant ethnic minority. | |
| 2 federal cities (cities under direct jurisdiction of the Federation) (федеральные города, sing. федеральный город; federalnyye goroda, sing. federalny gorod)—major cities that function as separate regions. |
List of federal subjects
The subjects have both numerical codes and two- or three-letter ISO 3166-2:RU codes. The numerical codes span from 01 to 89, although 6 of them are no longer in use after mergers. සැකිල්ල:List of federal subjects of Russia
Mergers
Plans existed to merge some of the federal subjects into larger territories, which started in December 2005. No new mergers have been planned since March 2008.
| Proposals | Date of referendum | Date of merger | Merger |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1, 1a | December 7, 2003 | December 1, 2005 | Perm Oblast + Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug → Perm Krai |
| 2, 2a, 2b | April 17, 2005 | January 1, 2007 | Krasnoyarsk Krai + Evenk Autonomous Okrug + Taymyr Autonomous Okrug → Krasnoyarsk Krai |
| 3, 3a | October 23, 2005 | July 1, 2007 | Kamchatka Oblast + Koryak Autonomous Okrug → Kamchatka Krai |
| 4, 4a | April 16, 2006 | January 1, 2008 | Irkutsk Oblast + Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug → Irkutsk Oblast |
| 5, 5a | March 11, 2007 | March 1, 2008 | Chita Oblast + Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug → Zabaykalsky Krai |
Further proposals for mergers
| Proposals | Federal subjects | Map | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6, 6a | Arkhangelsk Oblast Nenets Autonomous Okrug = Pomorsky Krai 1 September 09 | ||||||
| 7, 7a, 7b | Khabarovsk Krai + Jewish Autonomous Oblast + Amur Oblast = Amur Krai | ||||||
| 8, 8a | Magadan Oblast + Chukotka Autonomous Okrug = Magadan Krai | ||||||
| 9, 9a, 9b | Irkutsk Oblast + Buryatia Republic + Zabaykalsky Krai = Baikal Krai | ||||||
| 10, 10a, 10b | Tyumen Oblast + Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug + Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug = Tyumen Krai | ||||||
| 11, 11a, 11b | Novosibirsk Oblast + Omsk Oblast + Tomsk Oblast = Novosibirsk Krai | ||||||
| 12, 12a, 12b | Kemerovo Oblast + Altai Republic + Altai Krai = Altai Krai | ||||||
| 13 | Saint Petersburg (federal city) + Leningrad Oblast = Leningrad Oblast | ||||||
| 14 | Moscow (federal city) + Moscow Oblast = Moscow Oblast | ||||||
| 15, 15a | Yaroslavl Oblast + Kostroma Oblast = Yaroslav Krai | ||||||
| 16, 16a | Novgorod Oblast + Pskov Oblast = Novgorod Krai | ||||||
| 17, 17a | Krasnodar Krai + Adygea Republic = Krasnodar Krai | ||||||
| 18, 18a | Ingushetia Republic + Chechnya Republic = Wainach Republic | ||||||
| * | Pomorsky + Murmansk Oblast + Komi Republic = ??????? | ||||||
See also
- Subdivisions of Russia
- Federal districts of Russia
- Economic regions of Russia
- History of the administrative division of Russia
- Flags of federal subjects of Russia
- List of heads of federal subjects of Russia
විකිපීඩියා, විකි, විශ්වකෝෂය, පොත, පුස්තකාලය, ලිපිය, කියවීම, නොමිලේ බාගත කිරීම, Federal subjects of Russia පිළිබඳ තොරතුරු, Federal subjects of Russia යනු කුමක්ද? Federal subjects of Russia යනු කුමක් දර්ශනය කරන්නේ?